What is Spina Bifida?

Understanding the condition that affects thousands of families across Texas

Overview

A Birth Defect with Impact

Spina Bifida is a birth defect where the spine and spinal cord don't form properly during fetal development. It occurs when the neural tube fails to close completely during the first month of pregnancy.

As the most common permanently disabling birth defect in the United States, Spina Bifida affects approximately 1 in 2,500 births and has a significant impact on the lives of individuals and families.

With proper medical care, education, and community support, individuals with Spina Bifida can lead fulfilling, independent lives.

Types of Spina Bifida

Spina Bifida presents in three main forms, each with different severity levels and outcomes

Most Severe

Myelomeningocele

The most serious form, where the spinal cord and protective membranes push through the opening in the spine. This typically results in varying degrees of paralysis and loss of sensation below the opening, often requiring multiple surgeries and ongoing medical care.

Moderate

Meningocele

The protective fluid surrounding the spinal cord pushes through the opening in the spine, but the spinal cord itself is not affected. This form typically results in minimal or no nerve damage, with better functional outcomes than Myelomeningocele.

Mildest

Spina Bifida Occulta

The mildest form, where there is a small gap in one or more of the vertebrae. Often, the skin is intact and normal. Many individuals may have no symptoms or complications and may not even know they have this condition.

By the Numbers

Understanding the prevalence and impact of Spina Bifida

1 in 2,500
Births Affected
166,000
People Living with SB
90%
Myelomeningocele
80+
Years Average Lifespan

What to Expect for Families

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Medical Management: Ongoing healthcare coordination and specialized treatment

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Mobility Assistance: Wheelchairs, braces, and adaptive equipment needs

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Educational Support: Special education planning and accommodations

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Financial Planning: Medical costs and long-term care considerations

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Emotional Support: Counseling and community connection for families

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Independence Building: Life skills training for growing independence

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